［Purposes ］ To avoid the severe waste of gravitational potential energy during boom lowering in the hydraulic gripper machine，this study proposed an energy recovery system （ERS） based on a three -chamber hydraulic cylinder and flow regeneration to enhance the hydraulic system’s energy utilization efficiency.［Methods］ The ERS was developed through the integration of three -chamber hydraulic cylinders and accumulators based on gas -liquid conversion and flow regeneration principles.Theoretical analysis was conducted on the 40 t hydraulic gripper machine by establishing a systematic mathematical model，and the AMESim simulation platform was used to construct the original system，the three -chamber hydraulic cylinder -based ERS，and the ERS based on the three -chamber hydraulic cylinder and flow regeneration.The test platform established was also used for verification.The three systems were quantitatively compared and analyzed using indicators such as the energy consumption of the main pump，the energy recovery rate，and the energy saving rate.［Findings］ The main pump energy consumption of the original system is 280.2 J，whereas that of the ERS based on the three -chamber hydraulic cylinder and flow regeneration is reduced to 152.7 J，corresponding to an energy -saving rate of 45.50%.Furthermore，the accumulator stores 107.9 J of energy during the boom lowering phase.By leveraging the flow regeneration mechanism，the demand for main pump flow is effectively reduced，resulting in a decrease in the main pump pressure from 2.4 MPa （extension phase ） and 1.7 MPa （retraction phase ） in the original system to 1.9 MPa and 0.0 MPa （flow regeneration phase），respectively.The ERS based on the three -chamber hydraulic cylinder and flow regeneration achieves an energy recovery rate of 67.06% during the boom lowering phase，and the energy saving rate is 45.50%.These findings highlight a significant optimization in overall energy utilization efficiency.［Conclusions ］ The proposed ERS based on the three -chamber hydraulic cylinder and flow regeneration exhibits superior energy -saving performance.It not only provides an innovative technical solution for enhancing energy efficiency in construction machinery but also contributes novel research perspectives to energy recovery in hydraulic systems.