[Purposes] The objective of the work is to investigate the variation of the compressive and splitting tensile strength along the height of 3D?printed concrete wall materials. [Methods] Based on the mechanical property test of cast?in?place concrete material, three tests were designed to study the influence of the height and loading direction on the axial compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of printed concrete. [Findings] The compressive performance of printed concrete was the strongest in x?direction loading and the weakest in z?direction loading. The splitting tensile strength increased first and then decreased with the height of the layer. The axial compressive strength of the prismatic test blocks was higher than that of the corresponding cast?in?place concrete test blocks. [Conclusions] In practical production, the printing process should be reasonably designed to obtain the best mechanical properties of printed concrete.