[Purposes] This paper aims to discuss the factors that affect the printing resolution of projection?based 3D printing (PBP) in bio?materials and study the high?precision 3D bioprinting strategy. [Methods] The different properties of biomaterials compared with traditional polymers were analyzed. Based on the characteristics of PBP, the methods to improve the printing resolution are discussed and summarized from four aspects: material system, printing process, exposure parameters and equipment development. [Findings] The main factors of poor printing resolution of biomaterials were identified, and feasible high?precision 3D bioprinting strategies were summarized. [Conclusions] The upper limit of the resolution of bioprinting depends on the optical resolution. However, many factors synergetic determine the lower limit, such as exposure parameters, printing process, material system, optical system distortion, etc. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively consider these factors to achieve high?precision 3D bioprinting connsider these factors to achieve high?precision 3D bioprinting.