［Purposes］ This work aims to explore the factors affecting the pavement performance of thin overlay and supply the deficiency of existing researches.［Methods］ The effect of mineral aggregate gradation and asphalt types on pavement performance of thin overlay were investigated.SBS and waste tire powder were selected to modify grade 70^#A road petroleum asphalt, and the content of different modifiers was determined based on the high temperature failure degree of PG76; Three mineral aggregate graded asphalt mixtures,including AC-10C, SMA-10 and UTL-10, were selected for formulation design and road performance research such as high-temperature rutting resistance, low-temperature cracking resistance, water damage resistance, shear strength and pull-out strength.［Findings］ When the content of SBS, waste tire powder and SBS+waste tire powder were 4.5%, 15.0% and 2.0% + 10.0% respectively;And the binder was waste tire powder modified asphalt, SMA-10 asphalt mixture has better road performance than AC-10C and UTL-10 except water stability; When the gradation type of mineral aggregate is SMA-10, the pavement performance of SBS modified asphalt thin layer overlay is better than that of waste tire powder and SBS+waste tire powder modified thin layer overlay.［Conclusions］ SBS modified SMA-10 asphalt mixture has the optimum overall pavement performance.