[Purposes]The paper aims to study the frequent traffic congestion caused by the prominent contradiction between supply and demand of urban traffic.[Methods]Aiming at the multi-variable,multi-feedback and nonlinear urban traffic complex system, the method of system dynamics was used to study the interactive relationship between the measure of remission congestion and urban traffic system.Firstly,mutual relationship between the boundary and the element of the system was determined to draw the causal diagram. Then, the structural equation was proposed based a system stock-flow diagram and the validity of the model was tested. Finally, according to current traffic of Changsha City, the effect of traffic congestion control and environmental impact of single measure such as traffic restriction and transit metropolis were analyzed based on the system dynamics model,and the orthogonal test of the combined congestion control measures was performed to find the optimal combination scheme of the urban traffic congestion control measures. [Findings]The optimal scheme of urban traffic congestion control measures in Changsha City was proposed through the simulation of the model. [Conclusions]The implementation of urban traffic congestion control measures has a significant effect on alleviating urban traffic congestion, but the impact of different congestion control measures on congestion control effect varies greatly.