长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版)
与共享单车相互竞争的响应型接驳公交的票价研究
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王正武(1973-),男,湖南长沙人,长沙理工大学教授,主要从事交通运输规划与管理方面的研究。E-mail:zhengwu.wang@126.com

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U491.1

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678075);湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2019SK2171)


Pricing study on responsive feeder transit considering the competitive relationship with shared bikes
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    摘要:

    研究了与共享单车相互竞争情况下响应型接驳公交的票价问题。首先构建了包含基础票价、乘客出行延误惩罚的收益模型,模型中响应型接驳公交、共享单车的基础票价分别是需求点到地铁站距离、租用时间的函数;然后分析了响应型接驳公交、共享单车相互竞争条件下的定价博弈过程,并构建了嵌套双层规划定价模型;最后基于灵敏度分析和遗传算法设计了求解算法。算例结果表明:本研究方法能有效地确定响应型接驳公交、共享单车的单位票价和客流分担率。单车运行时:响应型接驳公交单位票价为0.8元/km,分担率为72.7%,共享单车单位票价为1.2元/0.5 h,分担率为27.3%;双车运行时:响应型接驳公交单位票价为0.5元/km,分担率为89.1%,共享单车单位票价为1.5元/0.5 h,分担率为10.9%。与单车运行的响应型接驳公交相比,双车运行的响应型接驳公交的基础票价降低了37.5%,分担的客流量增加了22.5%,显著地增加了社会效益,但运营商的总收益显著减少,需政府增大财政投入;双车运行时共享单车的社会效益、运营商的总收益均显著减少,随着响应型接驳公交系统运行方式的改进,共享单车的竞争力有相对下降的趋势。

    Abstract:

    The pricing problem of Responsive Feeder Transit (RFT) considering the competitive relationship with shared bikes was studied. Firstly, the revenue model including basic fare and passenger travel delay penalty was constructed, in which the basic fare of RFT and shared bikes was the function of distance from demand point to transfer station and rental time, respectively. Then, the pricing game process under the condition of competition between RFT and shared bikes was analyzed, and a nested bi-level programming pricing model was constructed. Finally, a solution algorithm was designed based on sensitivity analysis and genetic algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can effectively determine the unit fare and passenger flow sharing rate of RFT and shared bikes. When running with single-vehicle RFT: the unit fare of RFT is 0.8 yuan/km, the sharing rate is 72.7%, and the unit fare of shared bikes is 1.2 yuan/0.5 h, the sharing rate is 27.3%; when running with double-vehicle RFT: the unit fare of RFT is 0.5 yuan/km, the sharing rate is 89.1%, and unit fare of the shared bikes is 1.5 yuan/0.5 h, the sharing rate is 10.9%. Compared with the single-vehicle RFT, the basic fare of the double-vehicle RFT is decreased by 37.5%, and sharing passenger flow of the double-vehicle RFT is increased by 22.5%. The double-vehicle RFT can significantly increase the social benefits. However, the total revenue of operators has been significantly reduced, which requires the government to increase financial input. The social benefits of shared bikes and the total benefits of the operators are significantly reduced in the case of double-vehicle operation mode. With the improvement of the operation mode of the RFT system, the competitiveness of shared bikes has a relatively declining trend.

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王正武,谭海婷,刘杰.与共享单车相互竞争的响应型接驳公交的票价研究[J].长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),2020,17(2):46-53.
WANG Zheng-wu, TAN Hai-ting, LIU Jie. Pricing study on responsive feeder transit considering the competitive relationship with shared bikes[J]. Journal of Changsha University of Science & Technology (Natural Science),2020,17(2):46-53.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-04-28
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